Steam boiler



STEAM BOILER' Filed Aug. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l Allg. 16, E. Q KLlNE 1,872,464

STEAM BOILER Filed Aug. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-'Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 1'6, 1.932

EDWARD-e. iin-INE, for sTnEA'lroR, 'Illinois' lSTEAM BOILR Applicant-manga August y17, 1929. semina. 386,517.

`My invention 'relateslto boilers` ularly to boilersof the type designed 'for imparting heat to a fluid such,l for example,

as water, while the fluid being circulated f or passed through the device.

materially accelerated. f

' @ne object of the present invention is to provide a lml'er'oil high 'thermal"eiiiciency,` and which is capable oil'transferring a' largev nuinber of heat units "to" alarge v10 fluid per unit of time. l y I Another object of the invention is to proeentiwiof vide a construction and arrangement where# by the flow of iuid through the device is Another object of" the invention isY topro vide, in combination 'with other features, .la device of ina-Xiinurn eci-en'cy which will Y occupy a minimum Voi space. Y`

A further object ofthe invention is to provide improved spacing means between certain portions of therdevice.r f

Astill 'furtherobject of the invention to improve devices of the character disclosed in c sundry details hereinafter described vand par- '25 ticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

@ne embodiment of ltie present invention is shown for illustrative purposes coinpanying drawings inwhich i F ig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevational View through a boiler illustratingan embodiinent of the present invention, and takensubstantially as indicated by the line 1-'1 of Fig. 2;

taken substantially as indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan viewtaken sub-` stantially as indicatedgby the line Fig. 1; and A Fig. 4 is an enlarged ra'gmentarysection'- al elevational view cfa portion of the structure shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

In the illustrative embodiment of the inventin shown in the drawings, the boiler, designated as a whole by the numeral 10, cornprises a setting 11 of brick or other suitable material' in which is suitably positioned a lire boX crash pit 12 and a flue or conduit 13 by which the gases of combustion may be carried to a stack or chimney (not showngl Mounted in the setting l1, preferablyto the rearl of the fire box 12, isl a return header orrlnud druin 14 having an `aperture 15 formed on its upper Aside. and adapted "to communicate 'with va vertically disposed nipple 16, the upperend of which's adapted@ communicate with the lowerinostD one of 'a series of krhollowV water baies 17, 18,19L and 2O spaced apart Viroineach other and ysuit?` ably in'oun'te'd inv =the settingll lin staggered1 relationship with respect to each other, the alternate baiiies being vpositioned ladjacent one 'of the end walls of the setting". and 'termin-ating short ofthev opposite endwall iny a '..Inanner "to fforin acircuitous 4passage through the setting for conducting the gases of combustion from the nre box 12 tothe flue or )conduit 13. j Y y It will beiioted, in the present construction 'illustrated .in therdrawings, `that theA front end portions of the baides l17 and 19 arejposition'ed adjacent the frontend wall of the setting fand terminate a substantial 'loY distance short of the rear Wall of the setting.. ,l

and 'that the rear end portions of the baiiies 18 and 20 are positioned adjacent therear end `wall' of the setting 11 andterinin'ate a substantial distance short of the ro'ntlend walh'ythereby causing the gasesof ,combusfV tion,1in their passage froml the Afire box 12.130-v the Hue or conduit 13, to follow ar course along the upper and lower sides ofthe bali'es as indicated by the arrows F 1, 4 f I Positioned preferablyfadjacent the upper portion of the setting 11 is aY steam dome 215Y with which, in the present instance, the uppermost baliie20 is adapted tocommunicate.

F ores'tablishing free and unrestricted corn-" Inunication between vadjacent' baiies and the Y steam dome, a plurality of fluid conducting nipples 22,, 23, 24 and 25 are provided, the said nipples being adapted to register .with apertures y26 formed in the upper and lower walls of adjacent baiiies and havingan area substantially equal to the cross sectional area of Vthefnipples, thernipple 25 being adapted' toregister with the aperture 26 formed' in the upper wall ofthe baiile=20 and with an aper# ture-27 formed inthe lower wall or-bottom, ofthe steam dome 21, preferably adjacent Vus dome 21 being provided with a relatively.

small aperture 33 adapted to register with the opening in the nipple f. 31l in-a manner to ermit a restricted iiow of fluid from the aille 20 through the nipple 31 to the steam dome. v

For establishing direct communication between the steam dome 21 and headerv or drum 14, and providing for circulation of the fluid through the boiler, a plurality of overflow or return pipes or conduits indicated bythe numeral 34 and shown in the 'present in*4 stance as positioned outside the vsetting 11, are adapted to communicate at their upper end portions with apertures formed in the lower vwall or bottom ofthe steam dome 21,

preferably adjacent the end portion of the dome remote from the aperture 27, and at Y their lower end portions with the header 14.

It will be observed from the foregoing description that the presentinvention provides a. structure wherein a large number ofheating units are transferred to a large quantity of Huid per unit of time, thereby Vmaterially accelerating a flow of fluid through the boiler,

and wherein the fluid is 4caused to traversev substantially the 'entire length of the steam dome in its circulation through the device.

The Iembodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 illustrates its application to a' steam heating system herein'the steamgenerated in the dome 21' is conducted Vthrough a main pipe 35 to any number of branch pipes 36,

one of which is shown in Fig. 1 as communieating with one end of a steam coil radiator 37, the opposite end of the radiator being connected to a-ret'urn pipe 38 bywhich fluid, due to condensation of thesteam in the radiatorv 14. It will be noted that the flow of the fluid from theheader 14 is unrestricted vand is forced to follow a circuit-ous* course in its passage to the steam dome. The header being connected to the baffle 17 by the nipple 16, the fluid is forced therethrough, thence longitudinally of the baiie 17 in a thin broad film to the nipple 22, thence through the baiiles 18, 19 and 2O by way of the nipples 23, 24 and 25 into the steam dome, and thence back through the conduits 34 to the header 14, the water level in the steam dome being preferably v'maintained at' substantially the ,line

37, is returned to the header or drumA i indicated by the numeral 39 in Fig. 1. Thus,

the spacing 4nipples 2 8,- 29, 30 and 31 by reason of the relatively small apertures 32 communicating therewith, thereby avoiding the burning out of the spacers and assisting, by

y'reason of the heat absorbed in the relatively slow passage of the fluid through the spacing nipples, in accelerating the flow of fluid through thedevice.V Y Y Zhen features ofthe present invention are adapted for use in conjunction with a vtwo pipe steam heating system, such as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, not only is a rapid circulation and heating of the Huid in the boilerl obtained, but'the circulation of steam through the heat radiating coils of a radiator, such as 37, is materially increased by reason of a partial vacuum formed in the return pipe 38 by the rapid circulation of the fluid through the boiler elements and mud drum or header 14, creatingia suction at the discharge end of the return pipe 38 and thereby greatly increasing the efficiency 0f such ,a system.

It will be observed that by reason of the rapid circulation of the fluid through the boiler, that little or practically no scale will have an opportunity to form on the interior of the baies and iuid conducting nipples.

For supplying fluid to the system, a supply pipe 40 may be provided and adapted to communicate with the header 14, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3,'the pipe 40 being provided with a valve 41 for controlling the passage of fluid therethrough.

For determining the fluid level in the steam .dome 21 a water glass 42 may be positioned outside the setting 11 adjacent the upper portion thereof and connected by means of theY pipe 43 with the hollow baffle 20, and by a pipe-44 with the steam main 35.

' If desired, the hollow baies may be provided with tie bolts 45 for resisting the pressure created within the baiflles, and the steam dome 21 may be provided with suitably positioned horizontally and vertically disposed tie bolts 46 and 47, respectively, for resisting the pressure generated therein.

A structure which has been found to be very `eflicient in its operation is one wherein elements of substantially the following dimensions have been employed. The header or mud drum 14 may be of any suitable diameter or length, depending upon the size of the setting, while the nipple 16Y is preferably vof approximatelyY two and one-half inches in diameter. In the structure under consideration any desirable number of Water bailles may be used, the baliles contemplated being approximately six feet in length, two

' feet in width and one and three-quarters inches deep, connected together and spaced approximately six inghes apart by fluid conducting nipples of approximately six inches in diameter, the apertures 32 formed in the water baflles and communicating with certain of the nipples, and the aperture 33 of the steam dome being approximately threequarters of an inch in diameter, while return pipes such as 34 of approximately 2l in diameter have been found to be very desirable in a structure employing elements of approximately the relative dimensions vabove,

- every minute, thereby keeping the waterpassages substantially free from the accumulation of scale, and obtaining the maximum of heat from the gases of combustion in 'their passage along both the lower and upper sides of the bai'iles and along vthe lower side of the steam dome 2l.

i boiler embodying the features described and approximate relative dimensions of elements above noted has been in actual operation for some time, but obviously the relative dimensions noted may be varied according to the size and capacity of the boiler'desired, and the requirements of the purpose for which it is to be used.

It will be observed from the foregoing description that the present invention provides a boiler of high thermal efficiency, capable of transferring a large number of heat Lunits to a large quantity of fluid passing therethrough, and in which the flow of fluid through the device is materially accelerated. Furthermore, that a maximum of eliiciency may be obtained from a boiler constructed in the manner described and occupying a minimum of space.

bviously, the present invention is not limited to the precise construction and arrangement shown and described, as the same may be variously modified. Moreover, all the features of the invention need not be used conjointly as the same may be used to advantage in variously diii'erent combinations and subcombinations.

`What I claim as new and desire to secure L: by Letters Patent is:

.2. Ina boiler, Athe .combination oflaiheader,

a steam dome, a plurality of hollow bailles positioned between said header yandwdome, said baffles having :apertures of various :cross `sectionalareas formed in theirwall portions, means `for'opeartively connecting said header and dome yrespectively with adjacent baf fles, .means adjacent opposite Vends of said bafllesrand positioned to register with said apertures for establishing vcommunication between the interior of adjacent baliles, and

In a boiler, thecombination of aheader, 'af steam dome, a plurality of .hollow baffles positioned vbetween said .header and dome, fluid .conducting means for `operatively connectingsaid headerwith an adjacent baille, fluid conducting nipples positionedbe- .tween adjacent balflesiadjacent kopposite ends thereof, *the `adjacent walls of said ballles be- -`ing :provided .adjacent one of said nipples 'with' apertures of. an .area substantially equal to ltheicross sectional Varea of said one of said :nipples and adapted Yto register therewith, said walls being also provided 'adjacent the other of said nipples with apertures of relatively smaller area and adapted to register with said=other nipple, fluid conducting nipples positioned between said kdome andan Vadjacentbaffle-said dome having apertures of relatively-different size formed in one of its wall yportions and adapted to register respectively with said vlast mentioned nipples, and a conduit for operatively connecting said dome and header.

4. fIn a boiler, -.the combination of asetting, aiheader,:a steam dome mounted `in'said setting, a Aplurality of Vhollow baffles between said header and dome and positioned in the setting in staggered overlapping relationship with respect to each other in a manner to form a circuitous passage for the gases of combustion through said setting, fluid conducting means for operatively connecting said header with an adjacent baflle, fluid conducting nipples positioned between adjacent baiies adjacent opposite ends thereof,

the adjacent walls of said baffles being provided adjacent one of said nipples with apertures of an area substantially equal to the cross sectional area of saidy one of said nipples and adapted to register therewith, said means for connecting saiddome and header. i

walls being also provided adjacent the other ofsad nipples with apertures of relatively smaller area` and adapted to register with said other nipple, fluid conducting nipples 5 positioned between saiddome and an adjacent baie, said dome having apertures of relatively diierent size formed in one of its wall portions adjacent the ends thereof and adapted to register respectively with said 1b last mentioned nipples, and a conduit outside said setting and operatively connected with said dome and header.

5. In a boiler, the combination of a setting, a header, a steam dome mounted in said set- 1`5 ting,'a .plurality of hollow baiies between said header and dome and positioned in the setting in staggered overlapping :relationship with respect to each other in a manner to form a `circuitous passage for thevgases '20 of vcombustion through said setting, Huid conducting means Jfor operatively connecting said header with an adjacent baliie, and Huid conducting nipples adjacent opposite ends of said baliles communicating with the interior of adjacent battles and said dome,

certain of said nipples having means associated therewithV and adapted to remain in 'fixed relationship with respect thereto under all -degrees of pressure for restrictin the ow of iiuid through said last mentione nipples.` 1 Y v6. In a boiler, the combinationy of a setting, a header, a steam dome, a plurality of hollow baiies having aperturesr of various cross sec'- tional areas formed therein and positioned between said header and dome, fluid conducting means for operatively connecting said header with an adjacent bafie, uid conducting nipples adjacent Vopposite ends of 4o said baiiles and communicating with said apertures andthe interior of adjacent baffles and withsad dome, certain of said nipples communicating with the apertures of lesser cross sectional area for restricting the flow of fluid through said last mentioned nipples and means outside said setting for operatively connecting said dome directly to said header.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 60 my name this 5th day of August A. D., 1929.

- )EDWARD o. KLINE, 

